Addressing OCD Behaviors in Autistic Individuals

People of all different backgrounds, intelligence levels, races, and genders can experience obsessive-compulsive behaviors. However, recent studies have shown that people on the autism spectrum are more likely to experience OCD. 

In fact, one study found that those with autism are twice as likely to be diagnosed with OCD, no matter how long ago the autism diagnosis was. 

So, what’s the connection, and what are some of the common OCD behaviors in autistic individuals? 

Restrictive and Repetitive Behaviors

Restrictive and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) are often a core component of autism. However, many of them resemble some of the common signs of OCD, as well, including organizing objects, lining things up, closing and opening doors and drawers, and even having trouble with sensory overload. 

These behaviors can so closely resemble OCD that it can be confusing for the individual dealing with them. Unfortunately, it can be just as confusing for medical professionals trying to make the distinction between autism and OCD and offering a proper diagnosis. 

What Are the Differences?

Thankfully, there are a few notable differences between most RRBs and OCD behaviors. While there are always exceptions to the rule, understanding those differences can give you peace of mind in understanding exactly what you’re dealing with and how to manage it. 

For example, those with autism might display RRBs as a way to communicate something they need. They might also use them to reduce or increase stimulation based on those same needs. When someone with OCD exhibits those same behaviors, they are typically doing so to alleviate anxiety or find some comfort. 

The experience is also very different. Those with autism who exhibit these behaviors often find them soothing or regulating. They can view them as a positive experience. People with OCD see these thoughts and behaviors as negative and intrusive. 

Communication Difficulties

Another reason it can be so difficult for doctors to accurately diagnose OCD in individuals with autism is the challenge some autistic individuals face with communication. While communication deficits are a common symptom of autism, they can make it difficult to properly identify the symptoms of OCD in a person on the spectrum. 

OCD symptoms can also be overshadowed by more pressing issues sometimes associated with autism. For example, if a person on the spectrum needs help with daily care or even poses a danger to themselves, those issues will take top priority, and the signs of OCD might be overlooked. 

Why Is the Distinction Important?

So, why is it so important to understand OCD behaviors in autistic individuals? The distinction must be made as quickly and clearly as possible to properly address each condition. 

Certain types of therapy can help those with autism better manage their OCD symptoms. Along with learning social skills and mindfulness, therapy can help those with OCD and autism develop healthy coping mechanisms to handle their symptoms. A therapist can help you identify the strengths of your autism so you can use them to combat compulsions. 

One of the most common therapies that can help is exposure and response prevention, but cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can also help to treat people with autism who might also be dealing with OCD, especially if they have verbal abilities. 

If you’re interested in learning more about OCD behaviors in autistic individuals, don’t hesitate to reach out for help. The first step is to get the diagnosis you deserve. It’s the only way to get proper treatment and support along the way. From there, with professional help, you can learn how to manage your symptoms better and let your strengths truly shine so you can continue to see RRBs as a way to self-soothe instead of something that throws a wrench in your day.